Melting

Recycled steel scrap and other iron raw materials are dropped by a scrap bucket to charge the furnace. High-power electric arcs delivered via graphite electrodes are then sent through the scrap, generating heat and melting the scrap into liquid steel. Many EAFs also use burners to inject oxygen, carbon, and natural gas, improving heat transfer, slag development, and overall furnace efficiency. Once the melting process is complete, the molten steel is tapped into a ladle for secondary metallurgy while the slag is removed, preparing the furnace for the next heat.